James 3.11-4.6 (Epistle)

11Oare din aceeaşi vână a izvorului ţâşneşte şi apă dulce şi apă amară? 12Fraţii mei, poate oare un smochin să facă măsline sau o viţă să facă smochine? Nici apa sărată nu poate da apă dulce. 13Cine dintre voi este înţelept şi priceput? Să-şi arate, prin purtarea lui bună, faptele făcute cu blândeţea înţelepciunii! 14Dar, dacă aveţi în inima voastră pizmă amară şi un duh de ceartă, să nu vă lăudaţi şi să nu minţiţi împotriva adevărului. 15Înţelepciunea aceasta nu vine de sus, ci este pământească, firească, drăcească. 16Căci acolo unde este pizmă şi duh de ceartă, este tulburare şi tot felul de fapte rele. 17Înţelepciunea care vine de sus este, întâi, curată, apoi paşnică, blândă, uşor de înduplecat, plină de îndurare şi de roade bune, fără părtinire, nefăţarnică.

18Şi roada neprihănirii este semănată în pace pentru cei ce fac pace. 1De unde vin luptele şi certurile între voi? Nu vin oare din poftele voastre, care se luptă în mădularele voastre? 2Voi poftiţi, şi nu aveţi; ucideţi, pizmuiţi, şi nu izbutiţi să căpătaţi; vă certaţi şi vă luptaţi, şi nu aveţi, pentru că nu cereţi. 3Sau cereţi, şi nu căpătaţi, pentru că cereţi rău, cu gând să risipiţi în plăcerile voastre. 4Suflete preacurvare! Nu ştiţi că prietenia lumii este vrăjmăşie cu Dumnezeu? Aşa că cine vrea să fie prieten cu lumea se face vrăjmaş cu Dumnezeu. 5Credeţi că degeaba vorbeşte Scriptura? Duhul pe care L-a pus Dumnezeu să locuiască în noi ne vrea cu gelozie pentru Sine. 6Dar, în schimb, ne dă un har şi mai mare. De aceea zice Scriptura: „Dumnezeu stă împotriva celor mândri, dar dă har celor smeriţi.”

Mark 11.22-26 (Gospel)

22Isus a luat cuvântul şi le-a zis: „Aveţi credinţă în Dumnezeu! 23Adevărat vă spun că, dacă va zice cineva muntelui acestuia: „Ridică-te şi aruncă-te în mare”, şi dacă nu se va îndoi în inima lui, ci va crede că ce zice se va face, va avea lucrul cerut. 24De aceea vă spun că orice lucru veţi cere, când vă rugaţi, să credeţi că l-aţi şi primit, şi-l veţi avea. 25Şi, când staţi în picioare de vă rugaţi, să iertaţi orice aveţi împotriva cuiva, pentru ca şi Tatăl vostru care este în ceruri să vă ierte greşelile voastre. 26Dar, dacă nu iertaţi, nici Tatăl vostru care este în ceruri nu vă va ierta greşelile voastre.”

Our Venerable Father Maximos the Confessor (662)

He was born to a noble family in Constantinople in 580. (But, according to a recently-discovered account, he may have been born in Palestine.) He showed uncommon piety and depth of theological understanding from an early age, and wrote some of the Church’s most profound theological works. He became the chief secretary of the Emperor Heraclius and his grandson Constans. But when the Monothelite heresy took hold in the royal court, Maximos could not bear to be surrounded by this error and left for the Monastery at Chrysopolis, where he later became abbot. From the monastery, he battled Monothelitism in homilies and treatises that exercised a considerable influence; so much so that the Emperor Constans ordered him either to accept Monothelite belief or keep silence. Maximos refused to do either, and he was arrested. His tongue was torn out, his right hand cut off, and he was sentenced to exile. He died of his wounds and torments while still in prison awaiting deportation, at the age of eighty-two, in the year 662. The Great Horologion comments that “at that time only he and his few disciples were Orthodox in the East.” Nonetheless, his lonely and costly stand, whose fruit he did not see in his own lifetime, preserved the Orthodox Faith when emperors and patriarchs alike had fallen away.

Saint Maximos’ right hand is venerated today at the Monastery of St Paul on Mt Athos.

Holy Martyr Agnes of Rome (ca. 304)

She was a virgin of noble birth who lived in Rome during the reign of Diocletian. She was martyred at the age of twelve. From an early age she loved chastity (“Agne”, the origin of her name, means “pure” or “chaste” in Greek.) Her purity became so well known that she was sought out by many women of Rome, whom she exhorted to accept Christ as the one true God, and to honor him with their chastity. For this she was in time arrested and brought before the City Prefect. When she refused to deny Christ, the Prefect had her handed over to a brothel; but everyone who attempted to violate her was mysteriously prevented, and one especially vicious and lewd attacker was miraculously struck dead. In front of the Prefect’s soldiers, Agnes prayed to God and the dead man was restored to life. Many pagan spectators, and the Prefect himself, cried “Great is the power of the Christians!” But others claimed that Agnes had performed this wonder by sorcery and should be killed. The Prefect ordered that she be burned to death. She gave up her life serenely and with prayers on her lips. Some Christians gathered her relics and placed them in a tomb where a magnificent church was later built. Saint Agnes’ holy relics remain a source of healing to this day.

Our Holy Father Maximos the Greek (1556)

He was born Michael Tivolis in 1470. In his early youth he traveled to Italy, where many scholars had fled to preserve Hellenic culture despite the fall of Constantinople. After completing his studies in Florence, he went to the Holy Mountain in 1507 and entered Vatopedi Monastery, where he received the name of Maximos. Ten years later he was sent to Russia in answer to a request of Grand Prince Basil Ivanovich, who sought someone to translate works of the Holy Fathers on the Psalter, as well as other Church books, into Slavonic. Maximos completed this work with such success that he was made to stay in Russia to correct the existing translations (from Greek to Slavonic) of the Scriptures and liturgical books, and to preach. His work aroused the jealousy of some native monks, and Maximos was falsely accused of plotting against the Prince. In 1525 he was condemned as a heretic by a church court and banished to the Monastery of Volokolamsk, where he lived as a prisoner, not only suffering cold and extreme physical privation but being denied Holy Communion and the use of books.

One day an angel appeared to him and said ‘Have patience: You will be delivered from eternal torment by sufferings here below.’ In thanks for this divine comfort, St Maximus wrote a canon to the Holy Spirit on the walls of his cell in charcoal, since he was denied the use of paper and pen. (This canon is sung on Pentecost Monday in some Russian and Serbian Monasteries). Six years later he was tried again and condemned to indefinite imprisonment in chains at a monastery in Tver. Happily, the Bishop of Tver supported him, and he was able to continue his theological work and carry on a large correspondence despite his confinement. He endured these grim conditions for twenty years. Toward the end of his life, he was finally freed by the Tsar in response to pleas on his behalf by the Patriarchs of Constantinople and Alexandria and the intervention of pious Russian nobles. He was received with honor in Moscow, and allowed to carry on his theological work at the Lavra. The Tsar Ivan IV came to honor him highly, partly because the Saint had foretold the death of the Tsar’s son. When the Tsar called a Church Council to fight the doctrines of some who had brought the Calvinist heresy into Russia, he asked St Maximos to attend. Too old and weak to travel, the Saint sent a brilliant refutation of the heresy to the Council; this was his last written work. He reposed in peace in 1556, aged eighty-six. Not long after his death, he was glorified by the Church in Greece as a Holy Confessor and ‘Enlightener of Russia.’ In 1988 (!) he was added to the calendar of Saints by the Moscow Patriarchate.