یعقوب ۴.۷-۵.۹ (رساله)

۷پس تسلیم خدا باشید. در برابر ابلیس ایستادگی کنید، که از شما خواهد گریخت. ۸به خدا نزدیک شوید، که او نیز به شما نزدیک خواهد شد. ای گناهکاران، دستهای خود را پاک کنید، و ای دو دلان، دلهای خود را طاهر سازید. ۹به حالِ زار بیفتید و نُدبه و زاری کنید. خندۀ شما به ماتم، و شادی شما به اندوه بَدل گردد. ۱۰در حضور خدا فروتن شوید تا شما را سرافراز کند. ۱۱ای برادران، از یکدیگر بدگویی مکنید. هر که از برادر خود بد گوید و یا او را محکوم کند، در واقع از شریعت بد گفته و شریعت را محکوم کرده است. و هر گاه شریعت را محکوم کنی، دیگر نه مجری، بلکه داورِ آن هستی! ۱۲امّا تنها یک شریعتگذار و داور هست، همان که قادر است برهاند یا هلاک کند. پس تو کیستی که همسایۀ خود را محکوم کنی! ۱۳و امّا شما که می‌گویید: «امروز یا فردا به این شهر یا آن شهر خواهیم رفت و سالی را در آنجا به سر خواهیم برد و به تجارت خواهیم پرداخت و سود فراوان خواهیم کرد،» خوب گوش کنید: ۱۴شما حتی نمی‌دانید فردا چه خواهد شد. زندگی شما چیست؟ همچون بُخاری هستید که کوتاه‌زمانی ظاهر می‌شود و بعد ناپدید می‌گردد. ۱۵پس باید چنین بگویید: «اگر خداوند بخواهد، زنده می‌مانیم و چنین و چنان می‌کنیم.» ۱۶حال آنکه شما با تکبّر فخر می‌کنید. هر فخری از این‌گونه، بد است! ۱۷بنابراین، هر که بداند چه کاری درست است و آن را انجام ندهد، گناه کرده است. ۱و امّا شما ای ثروتمندان، زاری و شیون کنید، زیرا مصیبتها در انتظارتان است. ۲ثروت شما تباه شده و جامه‌هایتان را بید خورده است! ۳زر و سیم شما زنگ زده، و زنگِ آنها علیهِ شما سخن خواهد گفت و همچون آتش، گوشت بدن شما را خواهد خورد. زیرا در روزهای آخر ثروت اندوخته‌اید! ۴اینک مزد کارگرانی که در مزارع شما درو کرده‌اند، و شما حیله‌گرانه از پرداخت آن سر باز زده‌اید، بر ضد شما فریاد برمی‌آورد. آری، فریاد دروگران به گوش خداوندِ لشکرها رسیده است. ۵شما بر زمین در تجمّل و هوسرانی زندگی کرده‌اید، و دلهای خود را برای روز کشتار پروار ساخته‌اید! ۶مرد پارسا را که با شما مخالفتی نمی‌ورزید، محکوم کردید و به قتل رساندید. ۷پس ای برادران، تا آمدن خداوند صبر پیشه کنید. بنگرید چگونه دهقان انتظار می‌کشد تا زمین محصول پرارزش خود را به بار آورد؛ چگونه صبر می‌کند تا بارانهای پاییزی و بهاری بر زمین ببارد. ۸پس شما نیز صبور باشید و دلْ قوی دارید، زیرا آمدنِ خداوند ما نزدیک است! ۹برادران، از یکدیگر شکایت نکنید، تا بر شما نیز داوری نشود، زیرا ’داور‘ بر در ایستاده است.

مرقس ۱۱.۲۷-۳۳ (انجیل)

۲۷آنها بار دیگر به اورشلیم آمدند. هنگامی که عیسی در معبد گام می‌زد، سران کاهنان و علمای دین و مشایخ نزدش آمده، ۲۸پرسیدند: «به چه اجازه‌ای این کارها را می‌کنی؟ چه کسی اقتدار انجام این کارها را به تو داده است؟» ۲۹عیسی در پاسخ گفت: «من نیز از شما پرسشی دارم. به من پاسخ دهید تا من نیز به شما بگویم با چه اقتداری این کارها را می‌کنم. ۳۰تعمید یحیی از آسمان بود یا از انسان؟ پاسخ دهید.» ۳۱آنها بین خود بحث کرده، گفتند: «اگر بگوییم، ”از آسمان بود“، خواهد گفت، ”پس چرا به او ایمان نیاوردید؟“ ۳۲اگر بگوییم، ”از انسان بود“...» - از مردم بیم داشتند، زیرا همه یحیی را پیامبری راستین می‌دانستند. ۳۳پس به عیسی پاسخ دادند: «نمی‌دانیم.» عیسی گفت: «من نیز به شما نمی‌گویم با چه اقتداری این کارها را می‌کنم.»

شهید پولیاِوکتوس ملیتنه ارمنستان

Polyeuctus and Nearchus were fellow-officers and close friends, serving in the Roman army at Miletene in Armenia. Nearchus was a Christian. Polyeuctus, though abundant in virtues, was still imprisoned in idol- worship. When the Emperor Decius’ persecution broke out (239-251), an edict was issued requiring all soldiers to show their loyalty by making public sacrifice to the gods. Nearchus sadly told Polyeuctus that because of the decree they would soon be parted. But Polyeuctus, who had learned about the Christian faith from his friend, answered that Christ had appeared to him in a vision, exchanging his military uniform for a shining garment and giving him a winged horse. Polyeuctus took the vision as a sign that he was to embrace the Faith, and that he, with Nearchus, would soon be lifted up to heaven. Almost immediately, he first tore down the Emperor’s edict in front of a startled crowd, then smashed the idols being carried in a pagan procession. He was quickly arrested and subjected to beating and scourging for sacrilege, but he only proclaimed more forcefully that he was a Christian. When the persecutors saw that Polyeuctus’ patient endurance was bringing other idolaters to the faith, they condemned him to death.

Polyeuctus walked to the place of execution with the expression of a slave walking toward freedom, calling encouragement to the Christians who accompanied him. Fearlessly extending his neck to receive the sword, he received baptism in his own blood and received the martyr’s crown.

قدیس پطرس دوم, اسقف سبسطیه (سده ۴)

He was the tenth and youngest child of a family of saints, the brother of St Basil the Great, St Macrina and St Gregory of Nyssa. His father died shortly after his birth in 319, and he was reared mostly by his sister St Macrina. He was ordained to the priesthood by his brother St Basil in 370, and consecrated Bishop of Sebaste at the opening of the Second Ecumenical Council (381). Saint Peter took an active part in the Council, oversaw his flock wisely, and reposed in peace.

قابل احترام اِوستراتیوس معجزه‌گر (سده ۹)

He was born to pious parents in Tarsia in Bithynia. At the age of twenty he entered monastic life at the Monastery of Agaures near his home. There he became a model of prayer, ascesis and zeal for holiness — he possessed nothing but the cloak he wore, and did not even have his own cell, choosing instead to sleep on the bare ground. When he slept he would not lie on his back or his left side, but always on his right side. In church, he stood repeating ‘Lord, have mercy!’ to himself throughout the services. He was ordained to the priesthood, and in time was made abbot of the community. But just at that time, Leo the Armenian became Emperor and revived the iconoclast heresy. The monks of Agaures, who held to the Orthodox Faith, scattered to caves and forests to escape persecution. Eustratius himself was imprisoned for a time, and was only able to re-gather the community and resume its direction when Leo died and Orthodoxy was restored in 842.

As abbot, Eustratius continued to live as the humblest of the brethren, spending the day sharing in their manual labor, and most of the night in prayer and prostrations. He often traveled among the dependencies of his large monastery to offer counsel and encouragement to the brethren. While traveling he would often give his coat or even his horse to anyone in need whom he met on the way. Once he gave the monastery’s only ox to a peasant who had lost his own. Once, on a visit to Constantinople, he was given a large sum of money by the Emperor for the monastery; on the way back he distributed all of it to the poor. Once, on the road, he met a man who had despaired because of his sins and was about to hang himself. The Saint took the man’s hand and said ‘My child, may the weight of your sins lie on me from now on. On the day of Judgment, I will answer for them instead of you. Only throw away this rope and hope in God.’

During his own life, Saint Eustratius performed countless miracles by his prayers: healing the sick, quenching fires, raising the dead. He reposed in peace in Constantinople at the age of ninety-five, having spent seventy-five years in monastic life.

قدیس فیلیپ, متروپولیت مسکو (۱۵۶۹)

He was born in 1507 to a noble family, and served briefly in the royal court. At the age of thirteen he entered the Solovki Monastery on the White Sea, within the Arctic circle. Here he lived in great austerity and eventually became Abbot. Through his labors and prayers the monastery soon became a center of spirituality and culture throughout the region. His fame reached the attention of Tsar Ivan IV (“the Terrible”), who in 1566 made him Metropolitan of Moscow, much against the Abbot’s desire.

Tsar Ivan revered Philip (“even as Herod had revered Saint John the Baptist,” says the Great Horologion), and had been a generous benefactor of Solovki Monastery.

But no sooner was Metropolitan Philip installed than he began to reprimand the Tsar for the brutal reign that he had imposed upon the people. Despite many warnings and threats from the Tsar, the holy bishop refused to be silent in the face of massive injustice, telling Ivan that he had never sought to be Metropolitan, that he had desired only to live quietly in Solovki, but now that he was shepherd of his flock, he was unable to remain silent. “I cannot obey your command rather than God’s. I stand for what is true and right and shall continue to do so, even though I be deprived of my office and suffer the worst of torments; otherwise our faith would be vain, and in vain too would be the apostolic office.”

Finally the Tsar gathered various false witnesses against the Metropolitan, and called a council against him in 1568. Saint Philip was condemned and imprisoned in Moscow, but soon the Tsar, fearful of the people’s love for their bishop, sent him to a monastery in Tver, where he lived confined and in great hardship.

“On December 23, 1569, a royal messenger came, asking the Metropolitan’s blessing for the Tsar’s expedition to Novgorod. Saint Philip told him to do that which he came to do, then raised his hands in prayer to God. The Tsar’s messenger fell upon him and suffocated the holy hierarch with a pillow. In 1591 his relics were transferred to Solovki, and in 1652 to the Dormition Cathedral in Moscow; many miracles were wrought through his holy relics.” (Great Horologion)