اول تیموتائوس ۴.۴-۸, ۱۶ (رساله)

۴زیرا هرآنچه خدا آفریده است، نیکوست و هیچ چیز را نباید رد کرد، هر گاه با شکرگزاری پذیرفته شود، ۵چرا که به وسیلۀ کلام خدا و دعا تقدیس می‌گردد. ۶اگر این امور را به برادران گوشزد کنی، خادم نیکوی مسیحْ عیسی خواهی بود، پرورش یافته در کلامِ ایمان و تعلیمی نیکو که پیروی آن کرده‌ای. ۷تو را با افسانه‌های کفرآمیز و حکایتهای پیرزنان کاری نباشد، بلکه خود را در دینداری تربیت کن. ۸زیرا گرچه تربیت بدن را اندک فایده‌ای است، امّا دینداری برای همه چیز فایده دارد، و هم زندگی حال را وعده می‌دهد، هم حیات آینده را. ۱۶به‌دقّت، مراقب شیوۀ زندگی و تعلیم خود باش. در آنها پایداری کن، که اگر چنین کنی خویشتن و شنوندگانت را نجات خواهی داد.

لوقا ۱۹.۱۲-۲۸ (انجیل)

۱۲پس گفت: «نجیب‌زاده‌ای به سرزمینی دوردست رفت تا به مقام شاهی منصوب شود و سپس بازگردد. ۱۳پس، ده تن از خادمان خود را فرا خواند و به هر یک سکه‌ای طلا داد و گفت: ”تا بازگشت من با این پول تجارت کنید.“ ۱۴امّا مردمانی که قرار بود بر ایشان حکومت کند، از وی نفرت داشتند؛ آنان از پس او قاصدانی فرستادند با این پیغام که: ”ما نمی‌خواهیم این شخص بر ما حکومت کند.“ ۱۵با این همه، او به مقام شاهی منصوب شد و به ولایت خویش بازگشت. پس فرمود خادمانی را که به ایشان سرمایه داده بود، فرا خوانند تا دریابد هر‌یک چقدر سود کرده است. ۱۶اوّلی آمد و گفت: ”سرورا، سکۀ تو ده سکۀ دیگر سود آورده است.“ ۱۷به او گفت: ”آفرین، ای خادم نیکو! چون در اندک امین بودی، حکومت ده شهر را به تو می‌سپارم.“ ۱۸دوّمی آمد و گفت: ”سرورا، سکۀ تو پنج سکۀ دیگر سود آورده است.“ ۱۹به او نیز گفت: ”بر پنج شهر حکمرانی کن.“ ۲۰سپس دیگری آمد و گفت: ”سرورا، اینک سکۀ تو! آن را در پارچه‌ای پیچیده، نگاه داشتم. ۲۱زیرا از تو می‌ترسیدم، چون مردی سختگیری. آنچه نگذاشته‌ای، برمی‌گیری، و آنچه نکاشته‌ای، می‌دروی.“ ۲۲به او گفت: ”ای خادم بدکاره، مطابق گفتۀ خودت بر تو حکم می‌کنم. تو که می‌دانستی مردی سختگیرم، آنچه نگذاشته‌ام برمی‌گیرم و آنچه نکاشته‌ام می‌دروم، ۲۳چرا پول مرا به صرّافان ندادی تا چون بازگردم آن را با سود پس گیرم؟“ ۲۴پس به حاضران گفت: ”سکه را از او بگیرید و به آن که ده سکه دارد، بدهید.“ ۲۵به او گفتند: ”سرورا، او که خود ده سکه دارد!“ ۲۶پاسخ داد: ”به شما می‌گویم که به هر که دارد، بیشتر داده خواهد شد؛ امّا آن که ندارد، همان که دارد نیز از او گرفته خواهد شد. ۲۷و اینک آن دشمنان مرا که نمی‌خواستند بر ایشان حکومت کنم بدین‌جا بیاورید و در برابر من بکُشید.“‌» ۲۸پس از این گفتار، عیسی پیشاپیش دیگران راه اورشلیم را در پیش گرفت.

رسولان هفتاد فیلِمون، آرخیپوس، آفیا

Philemon is addressed in the Epistle of the holy Apostle Paul that bears his name. He was a nobleman from Colossae; Apphia was his wife. Archippus was Bishop of Colossae. All three were disciples of the Apostle Paul. Onesimus was a pagan slave of Philemon, who stole from his master and fled to Rome. There St Paul led him to faith in Christ, and wrote the Epistle to Philemon, urging Onesimus’ master to forgive him and take him back as a brother in Christ. This Philemon did, and Onesimus later became a bishop. In Greece he is venerated as the patron Saint of the imprisoned. All of these holy followers of Christ died as martyrs, stoned to death by pagans.

شهیدان مقدس سسیلیا, والریان, تیبورتیوس و ماکسیموس, در روم (سده ۳)

Saint Cecilia was born to a prominent pagan family in Rome. In her youth she secretly became a disciple of Christ. When her parents betrothed her to a young man named Valerian, she brought him to faith in Christ and persuaded him that they should live in virginity. Valerian was baptised by Pope Urban, and in his turn went on to bring his brother Tiburtius to the Faith. At the time, Christians in Rome were being violently persecuted, many to the point of martyrdom; Cecilia, her husband, and his brother made it their work to go out by night and secretly give pious burial to the martyrs and give charitable help to their families. Eventually, this was discovered, and the two brothers were in their own turn arrested and condemned as Christians. At the moment of their beheading, the Roman officer Maximus saw heaven open and angels come to receive their souls; he, along with several other onlookers, confessed Christ, and in his turn died under torture. Finally, Cecilia herself was arrested and, after faithfully enduring various tortures, was beheaded. Because St Cecilia is described in her first biography as a lover of music, she is honored as patroness of church music in the West, and is often shown playing the organ.

مقدس شاهزاده و رنج-حامل پطرس یاروپولک (۱۰۸۶)

“Saint Peter Yaropolk, the son of Grand Prince Iziaslav Yaroslavovich, took part in all his father’s campaigns as an obedient son, and went with him into exile. The meek and humble Prince had much to suffer from the members of his family, but he always forgave them. Every day he earnestly prayed to be counted worthy of holy death, like Saints Boris and Gleb (24 July), in order to be cleansed of his many sins by the shedding of his blood and to be freed from the vanity of this world. He was assasinated on 21 November 1086.” (Synaxarion)

The term ‘Passion-bearer’ is used in the Russian Church for Saints who, though they were not killed for their faith and are thus not strictly Martyrs, suffered death with resignation and in the spirit of the Gospel. Saints Boris and Gleb are the first and model Passion-bearers.

مقدس بزرگ شاهزاده و شهید میکائیل تور (۱۳۱۸)

He was born in Tver in 1272 to Prince Yaroslav Yaroslavovich, who was the brother of St Alexander Nevsky (November 23). Michael was brought up in the faith by his mother, who later became a nun. Such was his fervor that from childhood he was certain that he must end his life either as a monk or a martyr. He succeeded his brother as Prince of Tver in 1285, and later became Grand Prince of Vladimir, the Russian capital during the Mongol conquest.

When Prince Michael lost the throne of Vladimir through the plotting of his kinsman Prince George, his advisers urged him to go to war against George; but he preferred to lose power rather than to subject his people to bloodshed. When George attacked Tver itself, Michael took up arms to defend it, and was victorious. One of his prisoners was Princess Agatha, George’s wife and the sister of the Tatar Khan. When she died in captivity, the full wrath of both George and the Tatars was aroused against Michael. The Prince knew that the only way to avert catastrophe for his people was to go to the Golden Horde to be judged at the Khan’s court. Michael’s kinsmen and advisors knew that such a course would surely lead to his death, but none were able to dissuade him from going to save his people.

Michael was kept prisoner with a wooden yoke around his neck, and subjected to many humiliations by the Tatars. But as he awaited his sentence he remained calm, spending his days in chanting the Church services and the Psalms. On the night of 21-22 November he had a revelation of his impending death. He attended the Liturgy, took Communion, and embraced his family. Then, opening the Psalter, he read the words Cast thy burden on the Lord, and He will sustain thee: He will never permit the righteous to be moved (Ps 54). He then calmly greeted his kinsman George and his minions, who pounced on the Prince and ran him through with swords. Prince Michael’s relics were returned to Moscow, then translated to Tver in 1320. When the city was besieged in 1549, St Michael appeared to the inhabitants in the form of a mounted knight, armed for battle.