1 Peter 4.1-11 (Epistle)

1Astfel, dar, fiindcă Hristos a pătimit în trup, înarmaţi-vă şi voi cu acelaşi fel de gândire. Căci cel ce a pătimit în trup a sfârşit-o cu păcatul; 2pentru ca, în vremea care-i mai rămâne de trăit în trup, să nu mai trăiască după poftele oamenilor, ci după voia lui Dumnezeu. 3Ajunge, în adevăr, că în trecut aţi făcut voia neamurilor şi aţi trăit în desfrânări, în pofte, în beţii, în ospeţe, în chefuri şi în slujiri idoleşti neîngăduite. 4De aceea se miră ei că nu alergaţi împreună cu ei la acelaşi potop de desfrâu şi vă batjocoresc. 5Dar au să dea socoteală înaintea Celui ce este gata să judece viii şi morţii. 6Căci tocmai în vederea aceasta a fost vestită Evanghelia şi celor morţi, pentru ca să fie judecaţi ca oameni în trup, dar să trăiască după Dumnezeu în duh. 7Sfârşitul tuturor lucrurilor este aproape. Fiţi înţelepţi, dar, şi vegheaţi în vederea rugăciunii. 8Mai presus de toate, să aveţi o dragoste fierbinte unii pentru alţii, căci dragostea acoperă o sumedenie de păcate. 9Fiţi primitori de oaspeţi între voi, fără cârtire. 10Ca nişte buni ispravnici ai harului felurit al lui Dumnezeu, fiecare din voi să slujească altora după darul pe care l-a primit. 11Dacă vorbeşte cineva, să vorbească cuvintele lui Dumnezeu. Dacă slujeşte cineva, să slujească după puterea pe care i-o dă Dumnezeu: pentru ca în toate lucrurile să fie slăvit Dumnezeu prin Isus Hristos, a căruia este slava şi puterea în vecii vecilor! Amin.

Mark 12.28-37 (Gospel)

28Unul din cărturari, care-i auzise vorbind, fiindcă ştia că Isus răspunsese bine saducheilor, a venit la El şi L-a întrebat: „Care este cea dintâi dintre toate poruncile?” 29Isus i-a răspuns: „Cea dintâi este aceasta: „Ascultă Israele! Domnul Dumnezeul nostru este un singur Domn”; 30şi: „Să iubeşti pe Domnul Dumnezeul tău cu toată inima ta, cu tot sufletul tău, cu tot cugetul tău şi cu toată puterea ta”; iată porunca dintâi. 31Iar a doua este următoarea: „Să iubeşti pe aproapele tău ca pe tine însuţi.” Nu este altă poruncă mai mare decât acestea.” 32Cărturarul I-a zis: „Bine, Învăţătorule. Adevărat ai zis că Dumnezeu este unul singur, că nu este altul afară de El 33şi că a-L iubi cu toată inima, cu tot cugetul, cu tot sufletul şi cu toată puterea şi a iubi pe aproapele ca pe sine este mai mult decât toate arderile de tot şi decât toate jertfele.” 34Isus a văzut că a răspuns cu pricepere şi i-a zis: „Tu nu eşti departe de Împărăţia lui Dumnezeu.” Şi nimeni nu îndrăznea să-I mai pună întrebări. 35Pe când învăţa pe norod în Templu, Isus a zis: „Cum zic cărturarii că Hristosul este fiul lui David? 36Însuşi David, fiind insuflat de Duhul Sfânt, a zis: „Domnul a zis Domnului meu: „Şezi la dreapta Mea, până voi pune pe vrăjmaşii Tăi sub picioarele Tale.” 37Deci chiar David Îl numeşte Domn; atunci cum este El fiul lui?” Şi gloata cea mare Îl asculta cu plăcere.

Our Holy Father Ephraim the Syrian (373)

He is often called “The Harp of the Holy Spirit” for the sublimity of his writings. He was born in Nisibis of Mesopotamia about the year 306. He embraced the Christian faith while young and for this was driven from his home by his father, a pagan priest. He came under the care of St James of Nisibis (January 13), who was one of the bishops at the Council of Nicaea. He took up a strictly ascetical life, renouncing all possessions and denying himself all comforts. It is said that his eyes constantly flowed with tears: tears of compunction for his own sins, or tears of joy as he contemplated the wonders of God’s grace.

He was baptized at the age of twenty and withdrew to the desert, then settled in Edessa. Once, as he was walking to the city, a harlot approached him. Pretending to accept her proposition, he took her to the city’s public square and suggested that they lie together there, in plain view. Horrified, the woman rebuked him, saying ‘Have you no shame?’ The Saint answered, ‘Poor woman, you are afraid of being watched by other people; but why are you not afraid of being seen by God, who sees everything and, on the last day, will judge all our actions and most secret thoughts?’ The woman repented and, with the Saint’s help, embarked upon a new life.

The Saint returned to the desert for a time, then to Nisibis to aid the Persian Christians, persecuted because they were seen as allies of the Romans. When Nisibis finally fell under Persian rule, St Ephraim and his spiritual father St James both settled in Edessa. At that time Edessa was troubled by the gnostic heretic Bardaisan, one of whose devices was to compose attractive hymns, which became popular and enticed many away from the truth. Taking up Bardaisan’s own weapons, St Ephraim composed a number of hymns, beautiful in word and melody, which poetically set forth the true Faith.

Hearing of the sanctity of St Basil the Great, St Ephraim traveled to Cappadocia to meet him. It is recorded that at their first meeting, St Basil greeted him: ‘Art thou the Ephraim who hath beautifully bended his neck and taken upon himself the yoke of the saving Word?’; to which St Ephraim replied, ‘I am Ephraim who hinder myself from traveling the way to heaven.’ After discoursing with the Syrian Saint for some time, St Basil cried out ‘O, if only I had thy sins!’ Basil then ordained St Ephraim to the diaconate. He would have ordained him a priest but St Ephraim, feeling unworthy, refused to be ordained, then and for the rest of his life.

The Saint returned to a life of solitude; but when a famine broke out in Edessa in 372, he came forth to rebuke the wealthy for failing to share their wealth with the poor. Some replied that they knew no one whom they could trust with their goods, so St Ephraim persuaded them to give their alms to him for distribution to the poor. A true deacon, he cared for the sick with his own hands. The following year, he reposed in peace.

St Ephraim was the first to use hymnody and song to express the teaching of the Church, and so might be called the Church’s first hymnographer. His works were probably an inspiration to St Romanos the Melodist, also a Syrian. He is said to have written more than three million lines of verse in Syriac, in addition to many homilies and treatises. Only a fraction of his work has been translated.

A beautiful selection of St Ephraim’s writings can be found in A Spiritual Psalter, a collection edited by St Theophan the Recluse, available in English.

Our Holy Father Isaac the Syrian, bishop of Nineveh (7th c.)

He was born early in the seventh century in the East. His birthplace is unclear: the Great Horologion says that he was born in eastern Arabia (present-day Qatar); the Synaxarion that he was born in Kurdistan. While still young he entered the Lavra of St Matthew with his brother, but after a few years of monastic life, having advanced far in obedience and the practice of prayer, he withdrew into the desert. His reputation for holiness reached the city of Nineveh, where the people prevailed on the hierarchy to consecrate him as their bishop in 670. Reluctantly but obediently, St Isaac took up the duties of shepherd of his flock in Nineveh. After a few months, he was called on to settle a dispute between two of the faithful, but they rejected his counsel and said ‘Leave your Gospel out of this matter!’ The holy bishop said, ‘If they are not prepared to obey Our Lord’s commandments, what need have they of me?’, and retired to live as a hermit in the mountains of Kurdistan. Later, he settled in the monastery of Raban Shapur, where he wrote his Ascetical Homilies and other jewel-like works on the spiritual life. There he reposed in peace.

The fame of St Isaac’ Homilies spread, and about one hundred years after their writing they were translated from Syriac into Greek by two monks in Palestine. In this form they spread throughout the monastic world, becoming a treasured guide to those who seek the fullness of the life of prayer. The Synaxarion says, “The book of Saint Isaac is, with the Ladder of Saint John Climacus, the indispensible guide for every Orthdox soul to journey safely toward God. Hence, not many years ago, a holy spiritual father, Jerome of Egina (d. 1966), recommended begging, if necessary, in order to be able to purchase a copy.” We are blessed to have a good translation of the Ascetical Homilies available in English.

Saint Isaac is a very unusual case of an Orthodox Saint who lived outside the canonical boundaries of the Church: he was a bishop of the “Nestorian” communion, now sometimes called the “Oriental Orthodox.” The purity of his own Orthodox faith is so clearly evident in his writings that the Church has nonetheless recognized his sanctity.