1 Peter 1.1-2, 10-12, 2.6-10 (Epistle)

1Petru, apostol al lui Isus Hristos, către aleşii care trăiesc ca străini, împrăştiaţi prin Pont, Galatia, Capadocia, Asia şi Bitinia, 2după ştiinţa mai dinainte a lui Dumnezeu Tatăl, prin sfinţirea lucrată de Duhul spre ascultarea şi stropirea cu sângele lui Isus Hristos: Harul şi pacea să vă fie înmulţite! 10Prorocii, care au prorocit despre harul care vă era păstrat vouă, au făcut din mântuirea aceasta ţinta cercetărilor şi căutării lor stăruitoare. 11Ei cercetau să vadă ce vreme şi ce împrejurări avea în vedere Duhul lui Hristos, care era în ei, când vestea mai dinainte patimile lui Hristos şi slava de care aveau să fie urmate. 12Lor le-a fost descoperit că nu pentru ei înşişi, ci pentru voi spuneau ei aceste lucruri, pe care vi le-au vestit acum cei ce v-au propovăduit Evanghelia prin Duhul Sfânt trimis din cer şi în care chiar îngerii doresc să privească. 6Căci este scris în Scriptură: „Iată că pun în Sion o Piatră din capul unghiului, aleasă, scumpă; şi cine se încrede în El nu va fi dat de ruşine.” 7Cinstea aceasta este, dar, pentru voi care aţi crezut! Dar pentru cei necredincioşi, „Piatra pe care au lepădat-o zidarii a ajuns să fie pusă în capul unghiului”, 8şi „o Piatră de poticnire şi o Stâncă de cădere”. Ei se lovesc de ea, pentru că n-au crezut Cuvântul, şi la aceasta sunt rânduiţi. 9Voi însă sunteţi o seminţie aleasă, o preoţie împărătească, un neam sfânt, un popor pe care Dumnezeu Şi l-a câştigat ca să fie al Lui, ca să vestiţi puterile minunate ale Celui ce v-a chemat din întuneric la lumina Sa minunată; 10pe voi, care odinioară nu eraţi un popor, dar acum sunteţi poporul lui Dumnezeu; pe voi, care nu căpătaserăţi îndurare, dar acum aţi căpătat îndurare.

Mark 12.1-12 (Gospel)

1Isus a început pe urmă să le vorbească în pilde. „Un om a sădit o vie. A împrejmuit-o cu un gard, a săpat un teasc în ea şi a zidit un turn; apoi a arendat-o unor vieri şi a plecat din ţară. 2La vremea roadelor, a trimis la vieri un rob, ca să ia de la ei din roadele viei. 3Vierii au pus mâna pe el, l-au bătut şi l-au trimis înapoi cu mâinile goale. 4A trimis iarăşi la ei un alt rob; ei l-au rănit la cap şi l-au batjocorit. 5A mai trimis un altul pe care l-au omorât; apoi a trimis mulţi alţii, dintre care, pe unii i-au bătut, iar pe alţii i-au omorât. 6Mai avea un singur fiu preaiubit; la urmă, l-a trimis şi pe el la ei. „Vor primi cu cinste pe fiul meu!”, zicea el. 7Dar vierii aceia au zis între ei: „Iată moştenitorul; veniţi să-l omorâm, şi moştenirea va fi a noastră.” 8Şi au pus mâna pe el, l-au omorât şi i-au aruncat trupul afară din vie. 9Acum, ce va face stăpânul viei? Va veni, va nimici pe vierii aceia, şi via o va da altora. 10Oare n-aţi citit locul acesta din Scriptură: „Piatra pe care au lepădat-o zidarii a ajuns să fie pusă în capul unghiului; 11Domnul a făcut acest lucru şi este minunat în ochii noştri”?” 12Ei căutau să-L prindă, dar se temeau de norod. Pricepuseră că împotriva lor spusese Isus pilda aceasta. Şi L-au lăsat şi au plecat.

Our Holy Father Ephraim the Syrian (373)

He is often called “The Harp of the Holy Spirit” for the sublimity of his writings. He was born in Nisibis of Mesopotamia about the year 306. He embraced the Christian faith while young and for this was driven from his home by his father, a pagan priest. He came under the care of St James of Nisibis (January 13), who was one of the bishops at the Council of Nicaea. He took up a strictly ascetical life, renouncing all possessions and denying himself all comforts. It is said that his eyes constantly flowed with tears: tears of compunction for his own sins, or tears of joy as he contemplated the wonders of God’s grace.

He was baptized at the age of twenty and withdrew to the desert, then settled in Edessa. Once, as he was walking to the city, a harlot approached him. Pretending to accept her proposition, he took her to the city’s public square and suggested that they lie together there, in plain view. Horrified, the woman rebuked him, saying ‘Have you no shame?’ The Saint answered, ‘Poor woman, you are afraid of being watched by other people; but why are you not afraid of being seen by God, who sees everything and, on the last day, will judge all our actions and most secret thoughts?’ The woman repented and, with the Saint’s help, embarked upon a new life.

The Saint returned to the desert for a time, then to Nisibis to aid the Persian Christians, persecuted because they were seen as allies of the Romans. When Nisibis finally fell under Persian rule, St Ephraim and his spiritual father St James both settled in Edessa. At that time Edessa was troubled by the gnostic heretic Bardaisan, one of whose devices was to compose attractive hymns, which became popular and enticed many away from the truth. Taking up Bardaisan’s own weapons, St Ephraim composed a number of hymns, beautiful in word and melody, which poetically set forth the true Faith.

Hearing of the sanctity of St Basil the Great, St Ephraim traveled to Cappadocia to meet him. It is recorded that at their first meeting, St Basil greeted him: ‘Art thou the Ephraim who hath beautifully bended his neck and taken upon himself the yoke of the saving Word?’; to which St Ephraim replied, ‘I am Ephraim who hinder myself from traveling the way to heaven.’ After discoursing with the Syrian Saint for some time, St Basil cried out ‘O, if only I had thy sins!’ Basil then ordained St Ephraim to the diaconate. He would have ordained him a priest but St Ephraim, feeling unworthy, refused to be ordained, then and for the rest of his life.

The Saint returned to a life of solitude; but when a famine broke out in Edessa in 372, he came forth to rebuke the wealthy for failing to share their wealth with the poor. Some replied that they knew no one whom they could trust with their goods, so St Ephraim persuaded them to give their alms to him for distribution to the poor. A true deacon, he cared for the sick with his own hands. The following year, he reposed in peace.

St Ephraim was the first to use hymnody and song to express the teaching of the Church, and so might be called the Church’s first hymnographer. His works were probably an inspiration to St Romanos the Melodist, also a Syrian. He is said to have written more than three million lines of verse in Syriac, in addition to many homilies and treatises. Only a fraction of his work has been translated.

A beautiful selection of St Ephraim’s writings can be found in A Spiritual Psalter, a collection edited by St Theophan the Recluse, available in English.

Our Holy Father Isaac the Syrian, bishop of Nineveh (7th c.)

He was born early in the seventh century in the East. His birthplace is unclear: the Great Horologion says that he was born in eastern Arabia (present-day Qatar); the Synaxarion that he was born in Kurdistan. While still young he entered the Lavra of St Matthew with his brother, but after a few years of monastic life, having advanced far in obedience and the practice of prayer, he withdrew into the desert. His reputation for holiness reached the city of Nineveh, where the people prevailed on the hierarchy to consecrate him as their bishop in 670. Reluctantly but obediently, St Isaac took up the duties of shepherd of his flock in Nineveh. After a few months, he was called on to settle a dispute between two of the faithful, but they rejected his counsel and said ‘Leave your Gospel out of this matter!’ The holy bishop said, ‘If they are not prepared to obey Our Lord’s commandments, what need have they of me?’, and retired to live as a hermit in the mountains of Kurdistan. Later, he settled in the monastery of Raban Shapur, where he wrote his Ascetical Homilies and other jewel-like works on the spiritual life. There he reposed in peace.

The fame of St Isaac’ Homilies spread, and about one hundred years after their writing they were translated from Syriac into Greek by two monks in Palestine. In this form they spread throughout the monastic world, becoming a treasured guide to those who seek the fullness of the life of prayer. The Synaxarion says, “The book of Saint Isaac is, with the Ladder of Saint John Climacus, the indispensible guide for every Orthdox soul to journey safely toward God. Hence, not many years ago, a holy spiritual father, Jerome of Egina (d. 1966), recommended begging, if necessary, in order to be able to purchase a copy.” We are blessed to have a good translation of the Ascetical Homilies available in English.

Saint Isaac is a very unusual case of an Orthodox Saint who lived outside the canonical boundaries of the Church: he was a bishop of the “Nestorian” communion, now sometimes called the “Oriental Orthodox.” The purity of his own Orthodox faith is so clearly evident in his writings that the Church has nonetheless recognized his sanctity.