Hebrews 8.7-13 (Epistle)

7În adevăr, dacă legământul dintâi ar fi fost fără cusur, n-ar mai fi fost vorba să fie înlocuit cu un al doilea. 8Căci, ca o mustrare a zis Dumnezeu lui Israel: „Iată, vin zile, zice Domnul, când voi face cu casa lui Israel şi cu casa lui Iuda un legământ nou; 9nu ca legământul pe care l-am făcut cu părinţii lor, în ziua când i-am apucat de mână, ca să-i scot din ţara Egiptului. Pentru că n-au rămas în legământul Meu, şi nici Mie nu Mi-a păsat de ei, zice Domnul. 10Dar iată legământul pe care-l voi face cu casa lui Israel, după acele zile, zice Domnul: voi pune legile Mele în mintea lor şi le voi scrie în inimile lor; Eu voi fi Dumnezeul lor, şi ei vor fi poporul Meu. 11Şi nu vor mai învăţa fiecare pe vecinul sau pe fratele său, zicând: „Cunoaşte pe Domnul!”, căci toţi Mă vor cunoaşte, de la cel mai mic până la cel mai mare dintre ei. 12Pentru că le voi ierta nelegiuirile şi nu-Mi voi mai aduce aminte de păcatele şi fărădelegile lor.”

13Prin faptul că zice: „un nou legământ”, a mărturisit că cel dintâi este vechi; iar ce este vechi, ce a îmbătrânit, este aproape de pieire.

Mark 8.11-21 (Gospel)

11Fariseii au venit deodată şi au început o ceartă de vorbe cu Isus; şi, ca să-L pună la încercare, I-au cerut un semn din cer. 12Isus a suspinat adânc în duhul Său şi a zis: „Pentru ce cere neamul acesta un semn? Adevărat vă spun că neamului acestuia nu i se va da deloc un semn.” 13Apoi i-a lăsat şi a intrat iarăşi în corabie, ca să treacă de cealaltă parte. 14Ucenicii uitaseră să ia pâini; cu ei în corabie n-aveau decât o pâine. 15Isus le dădea în grijă şi le zicea: „Luaţi seama, să vă păziţi bine de aluatul fariseilor şi de aluatul lui Irod!” 16Ucenicii se gândeau şi ziceau între ei: „Fiindcă n-avem pâini.” 17Isus a înţeles lucrul acesta şi le-a zis: „Pentru ce vă gândiţi că n-aveţi pâini? Tot nu pricepeţi şi tot nu înţelegeţi? Aveţi inima împietrită? 18Aveţi ochi, şi nu vedeţi? Aveţi urechi, şi nu auziţi? Şi nu vă aduceţi aminte deloc? 19Când am frânt cele cinci pâini la cei cinci mii de bărbaţi, câte coşuri pline cu firimituri aţi ridicat?” „Douăsprezece”, I-au răspuns ei. 20„Şi, când am frânt cele şapte pâini la cei patru mii de bărbaţi, câte coşniţe pline cu firimituri aţi ridicat?” „Şapte”, I-au răspuns ei. 21Şi El le-a zis: „Tot nu înţelegeţi?”

Our Holy Father Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa (395)

“Saint Gregory, the younger brother of Basil the Great, illustrious in speech and a zealot for the Orthodox faith, was born in 331. His brother Basil was encouraged by their elder sister Macrina to prefer the service of God to a secular career (see July 19); Saint Gregory was moved in a similar way by his godly mother Emily, who, when Gregory was still a young man, implored him to attend a service in honour of the holy Forty Martyrs at her retreat at Annesi on the River Iris. Saint Gregory came at his mother’s bidding, but being wearied with the journey, and feeling little zeal, he fell asleep during the service. The Forty Martyrs then appeared to him in a dream, threatening him and reproaching him for his slothfulness. After this he repented and became very diligent in the service of God. He became bishop in 372, and because of his Orthodoxy he was exiled in 374 by Valens, who was on one mind with the Arians. After Valens’ death in 378 he was recalled to his throne by the Emperor Gratian. He attended the Local Council of Antioch, which sent him to visit the churches of Arabia and Palestine, which had been defiled and ravaged by Arianism. He attended the Second Ecumenical Council, which was assembled in Constantinople in 381. Having lived some sixty years and left behind many remarkable writings, he reposed about the year 395. The acts of the Seventh Ecumenical Council call him “Father of Fathers.” (Great Horologion)

Our Holy Father Theophan the Recluse (1894)

This modern-day Church Father was born in Chernavsk in central Russia. The son of a priest, he entered seminary at a young age, then completed the four-year course in theology at the Academy of Kiev. Though he distinguished himself as a student, his heart turned increasingly toward the monastic life, and he was tonsured a monk and ordained a priest upon completion of his studies. During his time at the Academy he often visited the Lavra of the Caves, and there became a spiritual child of Father Parthenius (March 25).

His desire for monastic life was not fulfilled immediately, for the Church felt need of his intellectual gifts. He served as a professor at the Theological Academy in St Petersburg, then worked for seven years in the Russian Mission to the Near East, mostly in Palestine. During this time he gained a perfect mastery of Greek and studied the works of the Church Fathers in the original languages. Returning to Russia, he was soon consecrated a bishop; but after seven years of episcopal service, he at last achieved his heart’s desire, resigning as bishop and retiring to a small monastery at Yvschen, where he spent the rest of his days.

After taking full part in the liturgical and communal life of the monastery for several years, he took up the life of a recluse in 1872. He lived in two small rooms, subsisting almost entirely on bread and tea, visited only by his confessor and the abbot of the monastery. He celebrated the Divine Liturgy every day in his cell. All of his time not taken up by inner prayer was devoted to translating the works of the Fathers into Russian and, increasingly, to writings of his own. Most importantly, he prepared a Russian-language edition of the Philokalia which had a deep impact upon Russian spiritual life.

Though he received no visitors, St Theophan entered into correspondence with many earnest Christians who sought his counsel, and so in time became the spiritual father of many believers throughout Russia. He reposed in peace in 1894.

In addition to the Philokalia, St Theophan produced (among other works): a Spiritual Psalter of selections from St Ephraim the Syrian; The Path to Salvation, an exposition of Orthodox Spirituality written in clear, plain language for those living in the world; collections of his letters to spiritual children; and Unseen Warfare, a treatise on prayer and the ascetical life. This last has an unusual history. In its original form it was written by Lorenzo Scupoli, an Italian Roman Catholic priest. St Nikodemos of the Holy Mountain, recognizing the book’s merit, produced a Greek edition in which he corrected various deviations from Orthodoxy in the original. St Theophan in turn revised the Greek edition extensively, removing some material and adding passages of his own; so that the Italian, Greek and Russian versions are in fact three substantially different books. Many of St Theophan’s works (including Unseen Warfare) are available in good English translations. They are almost unique in presenting the undiluted hesychastic spirituality of the Orthodox Church in plain, straightforward language accessible to most people.